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Everything about tokenization, in one place

The most complete, honest, and current tokenization library on the web — research reports, country-by-country rules, step-by-step how-tos, platform comparisons that concede where rivals win, and every term defined. Written by an operator that has tokenized $300M+ across 20+ jurisdictions since 2018.

Deep dives & standards

Focused, primary-sourced answers to the questions issuers and CTOs actually ask — each with a point of view from Gene Deyev.

Can tokenized securities trade on Uniswap? Permissioned AMM design

Not on a plain public pool: anyone could receive the token, breaking transfer restrictions, and a compliant security token would revert. A permissioned AMM using Uniswap v4 hooks that check an allowlist before each swap makes it workable.

Chain selection for RWA: Ethereum vs Arbitrum vs Polygon vs a permissioned chain

For most tokenized securities, issue on an Ethereum Layer 2: you inherit Ethereum's settlement assurance at lower cost, keep EVM tooling and compliance-at-transfer support, and reach where investors and stablecoins already are. Permissioned chains are for mandates that require them.

Diamond Standard EIP-2535 for upgradeable security tokens: what are the risks?

The real risk is not the code, it is who can change it. EIP-2535 lets whoever controls a diamond cut rewrite the token's rules. Constrain that authority with a timelock, multisig, or on-chain governance, and audit storage layout.

ERC-3643 vs STV3 transfer restriction models

ERC-3643 is a standardized permissioned-token framework: on-chain identity plus modular compliance, checked on every transfer. STV3 is a Diamond-standard upgradeable architecture where compliance plugs in as a transfer-layer facet. One is a standard, the other an architecture.

ERC-4626 vaults for tokenized private credit

ERC-4626 is a standard vault interface: deposit an asset, get shares, standard assets-to-shares accounting. For private credit it standardizes NAV and subscriptions, but it is an interface, not compliance. You still gate holders and control redemptions.

How do you do KYC on-chain without doxxing the token holder?

You don't put identity documents on-chain. KYC runs off-chain with a licensed provider. The on-chain artifact is only a result: an allowlist entry or a signed credential bound to the wallet, carrying claims like accredited or not-sanctioned, never the documents.

What an institutional smart-contract audit for RWA actually covers

A smart-contract audit checks the token code itself: access control, transfer-restriction logic, upgrade safety, reentrancy, and oracle/economic risks. It is not SOC 2, ISO 27001, or NIST CSF; those cover the organization, not the bytecode. A serious deal needs both.

What is ERC-7943 (uRWA)? Ethereum's standard for real-world asset tokenization

ERC-7943 (uRWA) is Ethereum's Final standard for tokenizing real-world assets: a minimal, vendor-neutral interface adding compliance primitives (transfer checks, freezing, forced transfers) to ERC-20/721/1155 tokens. Authored by Brickken's Dario Lo Buglio; Stobox is a backer.

How to tokenize LP interests in a VC or PE fund

Tokenize the fund's LP interests: issue tokens that represent limited-partnership units, gate them to eligible investors under Reg D and Reg S, and enforce transfer restrictions on-chain. It digitizes subscriptions and the cap table; fund and securities law still apply.

How to tokenize private credit or a loan book

Warehouse the loans in a bankruptcy-remote SPV, issue tokenized notes or SPV interests against them, sell under Reg D 506(c) plus Reg S through licensed partners, and enforce eligibility on-chain. Private credit stays illiquid: don't promise instant redemptions.

Why do most tokenization projects fail?

Most tokenization projects fail on demand, not technology. They tokenize an asset no buyer was waiting for, assume liquidity is automatic, treat compliance as an afterthought, optimize the contract over the investor, and run out of budget and time.

Best RWA tokenization platform for institutions in 2026

There is no single best; it depends on what you tokenize. Securitize leads institutional funds; Tokeny and others sell white-label rails; Stobox fits private companies that need the whole journey (organize, raise, tokenize) at a flat fee, non-custodial.

Build vs buy: should we build our own tokenization stack?

Build only if tokenization is your product and you will staff smart-contract, security, and compliance engineering for years. Otherwise buy: the compliance, standards, custody, and maintenance are the real cost, not the first contract. Most should buy.

Tokenization platform for governments and central banks

Public-sector buyers should evaluate on sovereignty and control, not features: a permissioned or institutional ledger option, open standards to avoid lock-in, auditability, wholesale-settlement interoperability, and non-custodial architecture so the state holds control. Stobox supports Base, Arbitrum, and Canton.

White label tokenization infrastructure providers

White-label tokenization means issuing under your own brand on a vendor's rails or SDK. Evaluate compliance depth, standards support (ERC-3643, ERC-7943), custody model, platform continuity, and fee structure. A pure SDK fits buyers who already own compliance, legal, and distribution.

What is the STV3 Protocol?

STV3 is Stobox's RWA token protocol: an ERC-20 built on the Diamond Standard (EIP-2535), so it is modular and upgradeable. Compliance plugs in at the transfer layer through a validation facet, and it is Chainlink CCIP-ready for cross-chain.

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